Wavyleaf thistle can grow to be 4 feet tall, and flowers June-July. From the origins of traditional medicine comes herbal medicines. Tags: Milk thistle (Silybum marianum) infestation in Clackamas County On the other hand, non-native thistles can overrun an area and displace native plants, reduce agricultural yield, and create problems for grazing animals when they infest a field or pasture. Blessed thistle side effects include upset stomach and vomiting if more than 6 grams are consumed in a single day. With its vivid purple flowers and thorny leaves and stems, thistle can quickly take over a garden or landscape. Bull thistle can reach a height of 3 feet. It is a perennial that spreads by underground stems or rhizomes. Infestations were identified early and were eradicated. For more information, seeNoxious Weed Lists and Lawsor visit the website of the Washington State Noxious Weed Control Board. When broken, the leaves produce a milky substance. Historically, people have used milk thistle for liver . Management strategies including variety selection, soil nutrients, weed management, hay cutting, curing, baling and marketing for alfalfa crops. Infestations were identified early and were eradicated. Where are some reliable places to buy native thistle seeds? Three days later I had to go to the hospital, I was highly allergic to the sap, I looked like I had a huge chemical burn on my face, itching and burning sensation was terrible. At the base of each flower are short, upward pointing green spines and distinctively slender spearlike bracts. Many plants with spines are often called thistles, but among thistles, Carduus spp. Thistles are a member of the plant family Asteracea, which is a very large group with about 24,000 members. 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Bull thistle : Nonnative, not on noxious weed list : Pink to purple; occur in clusters at ends of branches : Tops of leaves are hairy and prickly (unidirectional); underside is cottony with prominently raised main veins : Spiny winged : 1-6feet : Biennial : Red flowers ; Cirsium andersonii : Anderson's thistle ; American basketflower doesnt actually have the trademark thorns of a thistle, but the bloom is very similar. For the best experience on our site, be sure to turn on Javascript in your browser. Prevalent in the United States and Canada, bull thistle (Cirsium vulgare) is invasive and difficult to manage. Margaret, this website has a list of weeds causing nitrate problems not a single thistle on the list. There are numerous types of thistles (Carduus spp. Canada thistle (Cirsium arvense; invasive) does not have a winged stem or spines on its stem or flower heads. These two weevils have since been collected Blessed thistle was named by Benedictine monks in the fourteenth century, who used it as a tonic for a variety of ills. Milkweed is actually toxic to most animals and humans. Although it is intimidating in appearance and can sometimes form large infestations, this thistle is not as challenging to control as many others and is mainly a problem in hay fields and pastures. Stems and leaves are tannish-green, and lacking a white underside. Like a lot of our weeds, these species originated in southern Europe, southwestern Asia, and the Middle East. These thistles produce conspicuous rosettes of leaves as seedlings. By Post-emergent herbicides include: clopyralid (Lontrel), diquat (Reward) and glyphosate (Roundup). By C. Zegler. For distinguishing features, look at reproductive parts and leaves. 1950s and several more in Bryan County in the 1970s, but currently, no infestations Medical Disclaimer: The information on this site is for your information only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Musk Thistle Annual Russian thistle (Salsola tragus) is often found in the American West. Its bloom also includes longer reproductive parts than its close relatives which peer above the petals (which are actually small flowers!). Blessed thistle is also believed to be an expectorant. Cirsium altissimum(Tall thistle) Aside from the height, tall thistle's defining features are the long, prickly bracts at the base of the flower and its upper, elliptic leaves. Grows3-7 feet and blooms June-September. These are distinguishable from Cirsiums by the spine-winged stems that Cirsium species lack. Can someone help me because I stepped on one of these barefoot and its super painful. Overgrazed pastures are susceptible to bull thistle encroachment, and it can sometimes form dense stands that reduce productivity and stocking levels. Begin with leaf patterns and edges, height, and the base of the flower. Indeed, milk thistle for breast milk production is a common use, but they are different herbal medicines. They 'learned' how to survive alongside human agriculture early on. This publication addresses four invasive, nonnative thistles found in Arizona which have been become, or have the potential to become problematic (Howery et al. If you have an account, then sign in now! Its leaves are thinner and more lanceolate with prickles that are much shorter than other Cirsium species. 250 lessons. Introduced from Europe, its covered in slender, spear-like spines. These weevils were originally They're mostly on disturbed sites, roadsides, and waste ground, but they can also establish on rangeland, pasture, and natural areas.They germinate and grow into rosettes during winter, then in spring they bolt and produce purple flowers. Each can produce between 1,500 and 5,000 seeds that take wind and populate. It is most commonly used in the form of a tea, which is both ingested and applied topically by soaking it into gauze and applying it directly to the skin. Texas thistle is an abundant nectar source for bees, particularly bumblebees. Blessed thistle has red and yellow flowers while milk thistle has purple or magenta flowers. Its distinguishing feature is its lack of prickles and instead has smooth, clasping leaves. can become established in uninfested fields by introducing feed and hay from infested Other potential benefits include . They are easily confused with New Mexico's native thistles so a copy of Native Plant Society of New Mexico's thistle guide is provided at the bottom of this page. If you come across a thistle, and are overwhelmed with the abundance and similarity of thistle species, dont panic. Native thistles seldom form troublesome populations to rangeland and cultivated crops Branching is not common, and when present the plant will branch towards the base. The spikes along the thistle plant can cause problems when harvesting, as these must be peeled away. Unlike many thistles, its stems are coated in spines as well as bristly white hairs. All rights reserved. Wisconsin Weed Identification: Biennial Thistle Comparison. The Sow Thistles are sometimes mistakenly called Milk Thistles from the milky juice they contain; the true Milk Thistle is, however, a very different plant. To contact staff, see the Noxious Weed Control Program Directory, send an email, or call 206-477-WEED (206-477-9333). 2009, #AZ1482): Musk thistle - Carduus nutans Canada thistle - Cirsium arvense Bull thistle - Cirsium vulgare Scotch thistle - Onopordum acanthium These thistles are native plants of Europe and Eurasia, and have . Remember to always read the label for proper application sites and rates. Katie Strain is a plant ecologist by training, turned ecosystem ecologist at the University of Nevada. Marcy suggests Laura should try the supplement as well. Its bud is rotund and globe-like, and covered in needle-like spines. Reblogged this on Living a wabi-sabi life. with long triangular bracts beneath the petals. The scientific name for blessed thistle is Cnicus benedictus. common in northeastern and central counties with some isolated problems statewide. Bull thistle ( Cirsium vulgare) has lobed leaves with sword-shaped sections, and scary spines at the tips. Hunker may earn compensation through affiliate links in this story. ADVERTISEMENT Thistle Illustrations Burdock Illustrations Popular Comparisons Comming vs. Coming Since these types of remedies are not monitored by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), the dosage, side effects, and other important information is not tested. I will try eating them again in Europe, but I don't think I'll have to eat them for a while. A native to Europe, smallseed falseflax was first introduced to North America in the 19th century, likely as a contaminant in flax seed (Linum usitatissimum L.) and other crops (Francis and Warwick 2009). This makes many people skeptical, including some physicians and nurses. Yellowspine thistle may look alarming, but offers many services to native bees, including bumblebees. Bull thistle (Cirsium vulgare) is a robust and spiny plant that has been in Oklahoma This plant is a native. Its spiny, winged stems and both sides Prevention: Bull thistle only reproduces by seed so prevention of seeding and takign care not to spread seeds are key to preventing new infestations. Its leaves and stems are dark bluish-green and covered with very sharp thorns. Required fields are marked *. However, the use of herbal supplements incorporated into diet and exercise are thought to be a more organic and holistic approach to health and many people see that as a plus in today's world of overprocessed food. control. It was like chewing on a twig. It's commonly used to detoxify the body and promote liver and gallbladder health. The key to identifying is to practice. 29 chapters | Explore the differences between blessed thistle and milk thistle. It has also been linked to improving breast milk flow in new mothers. An expectorant thins out mucus and makes it easier to remove from the body by coughing. Yellow thistle (Cirsium horridulum) and its distribution. Cirsium thistles are the most diverse and widespread of North America's native thistles with around 62 species. Because of their feathery seed appendages, these species are sometimes called plumed thistles. Milk thistle is found throughout the eastern United States, California, South America, Africa, Australia, and Asia. Distinctions may be a lack of spiny bracts at the base of the flower. There is, perhaps, no stronger, innate urge than for mothers to nourish their offspring. Milk thistle (Silybum marianum) can look a lot like Italian thistle, especially as a seedling. Great for liver cell regeneration. in the Oklahoma Noxious Weed Law. In situations where prolactin production is inhibited, the milk supply can become insufficient. scolymus) is a type of thistle, and the base of the thistle's young flower head resembles a mini artichoke and can be cooked in the same way. Legend has it that at some point during a 13 th century invasion, Norsemen tried to surprise sleeping Scottish Clansmen by sneaking up on bare feet. Most milk thistle supplements contain 80 percent silymarin. It has a grooved stem and is covered in a fuzzy cotton-like substance. Short-style thistle, however, lacks the spiny wings on the upper stems and its leaves are much less deeply incised. The leaves on Bull thistle have spiny wings extending downwards, greenish undersides, and spines up to 1/2 inch long. Bull thistle overwinters in this stage. In this episode of the Northwest Forager we'll head out to the farm to forage flowers of the Bull Thistle aka Spear Thistle (Cirsium vulgare). At maturity, they will produce large, purple flowers at the top of their stems around the middle of the summer. are not as effective and there are no weevils or other insects available for biological It's not easy to hoe like the milk thistle and spreads everywhere. The scientific name for milk thistle is Silybum marianum. Thistle is the common name of a group of flowering plants characterised by leaves with sharp prickles on the margins, mostly in the family Asteraceae.Prickles can also occur all over the plant - on the stem and on the flat parts of the leaves. Bull thistle is a widespread biennial thistle originally from Europe and Asia, but now introduced throughout North America. My neighbor is growing thistles that don't have spine's can you eat them as well. If left to grow, this type of thistle can reach 3 to 4 feet tall and will have soft, green, spear-shaped leaves that are covered with barbs. But its leaves are not as deeply lobed, the milky stripes are much more pronounced, and the plant grows much bigger and more robust. Milk thistle is primarily used to treat liver and gallbladder ailments, but also is used to stimulate breast milk production. Similar species: Native marsh thistle (Cirsium muticum) has non-spiny stems and flower heads. I grow it as a companion to vegetables as an attractant to beneficial insects and butterflies. This family of plants are believed to have antibacterial, antifungal, and anti-inflammatory characteristics. Its stems have spiny wings and its flowers are small and cylindrical. It received both names from Benedictine monks in the fourteenth century. The leaves are deeply lobed and have a little bit of milky striping. Russian thistles look like what most people would refer to as tumbleweed, with a dome shape and shallow roots that easily break off at ground level, where it can roll for great distances in the wind, spreading seeds along the way. larger than one acre are rare. The leaves and flowers have tiny sharp thorns that stick deep under your skin then break off at the slightest touch, like thousands of tiny needles. As Russian thistle propagates and bears seeds, the bush dries and breaks loose of the desert soil. 2-4 feet tall, Canada thistle is generally shorter than many native thistles. Native only in Texas, blooms are primarily red and purple, and prefers moist soils like swamp thistle. On any lacerative wound, bite or rash I'd use plantain (chewed and applied asap), then pack with bentonite until healed. Be sure to include a nonionic surfactant. Some people might get deficient in bile production. In addition to tea,. Another name for blessed thistle is holy thistle. Among other thistle species, the young leaves, inner stems, base of the immature flower head and first-year roots are all edible. The best guide to Texas thistles that Ive found so far. Leaves are green on both sides, rather than a white underside. These spiny plants are native to Europe, Africa and Asia and are typically invasive and weedy. This also has been done with fire ants at the University of Texas. spraying them with a herbicide before they are 6 inches tall. The glutathione in SAMe prevents liver cells from . Its entirely coated in fine silver hairs and produces extremely broad leaves. fleurs 230 image by Jacques Ribieff from Fotolia.com. Research suggests that milk thistle has protective qualities concerning the . Bull thistles are biennials. Best Milk Thistle Complex: PurePremium Milk Thistle Tablets.
. The monks used it to treat a variety of ills including digestion issues, coughs, and colds. When encountered in turf, bull thistle can be managed through regular mowing which prevents the plant from developing flowers. According to the World Health Organization, traditional medicine is 'the knowledge, skills, and practices based on the theories, beliefs, and experiences indigenous to different cultures, used in the maintenance of health and in the prevention, diagnosis, improvement or treatment of physical and mental illness.' The water will be a brown, murky color when finished. This does not prevent bull thistle seeds from blowing in from other areas--individual plants can be dug out of landscape beds. spines become more numerous on older leaves. The plant is generally more formidable looking than its other relatives. Wavy leaf thistle has yellow or white prickles at ends of long distinctively wavy leaves. The stem has spiny wings. Should I Buy (or Retain) Stockers to Graze Wheat Pasture? Weed control basics for preemergence and postemergence herbicide principles in fruit tree crops. It also has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Carduus Benedictus, or blessed thistle (sometimes classified as Cnicus benedictus), has been traditionally used to stimulate secretion of gastric juices and saliva, to increase appetite, to facilitate digestion and to stimulate the flow of bile, although there are no clinical trials to support this, explains Drugs.com. If you have experience, you can also try using this dichotomous key, but beware that it is specific to Texas. Bull thistle is distributed statewide, but it is not listed Aside from the height, tall thistles defining features are the long, prickly bracts at the base of the flower and its upper, elliptic leaves. Bull thistle is biennial in U.S. Department of Agriculture hardiness zones 2 to 10, and Canada thistle is perennial in zones 2 to 8. Blessed thistle is thought to be a galactagogue which is a food, herb, or medication that increases the production of breast milk. available at all OSU Extension county offices. Its purple flower is stunning, and it's related to the artichoke. Identify milk thistle by leaves with white veins and hairy seeds on its pink flowers. The leaves are loped, with each ending in a sharp spine. Blessed thistle is also referred to as holy thistle. It can grow to be 6 feet tall. It is not only edible but good for youit's just a little hard to disarm. It is larger and more difficult to control than musk thistle. Dichlobenil (Casoran) and oxyfluorfen (Goal 2XL) are available for nurseries. Safety considerations: Side effects are rare but possible when using milk thistle. The stems don't have wings like Italian thistle. Also like dandelions, the wind blows the light seeds so they continue to spread and grow. Doves love the seeds as well. Your email address will not be published. This thistle doesn't have the milky striping, and its leaves are hairier than Italian or milk thistle. Oklahomas Noxious Weed Law can raise concern among landowners if they do not know Each plant typically has numerous small flowers clustered at the top with spineless Oklahoma (Code 35:30-36-13) was amended in 1995, 1998 and 1999. Laura is a hypothetical 33-year-old married woman, who despite years of trying, is having difficulty getting pregnant. It has wooly hair on the Use a shovel to cut the plant off about one inch have occurred primarily in Roger Mills and Custer counties since the early 1990s; There are several herbicides that are effective on bull thistle, but it is important to carefully match the product with your site, local conditions and regulations, and other weed and land management issues, and always follow the label directions for the product you are using. Birds love the mature seeds, it has never been invasive in my garden, has fantastic foliage, and only requires I respect the prickles by wearing gloves. Scotch thistle (Onopordum acanthium) and its distribution. stems and leaves and no wings or spines along the stem. Since their introduction, OSU Extension educators As nouns the difference between thistle and knapweed is that thistle is any of several perennial composite plants, especially of genera cirsium'', ''carduus'', ''cynara or , having prickly leaves and showy flower heads with prickly bracts while knapweed is any of various common weeds of the genus centaurea . Milk thistle was being used for medicinal purposes as long ago as the first century A.D. Prickles can also occur all over the plant - on the stem and on the flat parts of the leaves. The fresh or dried seeds of the milk thistle contain a substance called silymarin. Distaff Bull thistle leaves are alternate, pinnately cut, (lance-shaped) and they have rough, bristly hairs on top and hairy underneath. of each stem with very large spiny bracts below the petals. After hatching, the larvae burrow into the seed-prodcuing tissues to feed, forming galls and reducing seed production. Two herbal medicines commonly used to stimulate breast milk production are blessed thistle and milk thistle. Bull Thistle Identification and Management, Skip to the beginning of the images gallery, Problem Weeds in Field Crops: Managing Annuals and Biennials, Problem Weeds in Field Crops: Managing Perennials, Johnsongrass and Shattercane Control: An Integrated Approach, Rights-of-Way and Integrated Vegetation Management, Mid-Atlantic Field Crop Weed Management Guide, Controlling Understory Fern Competition for Regeneration Success, Controlling Tree of Heaven: Why it Matters. We can provide advice on how to control bull thistle, but there is generally no legal requirement to do so. have redistributed more than 900,000 weevils throughout Oklahoma. Special interest to finches, bees, and is larval host to painted lady butterfly. What Do the Seeds of Moonflowers Look Like? as providing seeds for birds. Description; Medicinal Action and Uses---Synonym---Marian Thistle.---Parts Used---Whole herb, root, leaves, seeds and hull.The Marian, or Milk Thistle, is perhaps the most important medicinally among the members of this genus, to which all botanists do not, however, assign it, naming it Silybum Marianum. And makes it easier to remove from the origins of traditional medicine comes herbal.. Directory, send an email, or call 206-477-WEED ( 206-477-9333 ) other Cirsium species lack dichotomous,... And rates or white prickles at ends of long distinctively wavy leaves and bull thistle vs milk thistle 'learned ' how to control musk... After hatching, the wind blows the light seeds so they continue to spread and.... To vegetables as an attractant to beneficial insects and butterflies distinguishing features, look reproductive! Their stems around the Middle East x27 ; s related to the artichoke visit website! Post-Emergent herbicides include: clopyralid ( Lontrel ), diquat ( Reward ) and oxyfluorfen Goal... For mothers to nourish their offspring no stronger, innate urge than for mothers to nourish offspring. Effects include upset stomach and vomiting if more than 6 grams are consumed in a fuzzy cotton-like substance Annual thistle. Long distinctively wavy leaves because I stepped on one of these barefoot and its flowers are small and.... And stocking levels Asteracea, which is a common use, but among thistles, but is. Europe, its covered in slender, spear-like spines in your browser a list of causing... There are numerous types of thistles ( Carduus spp spines and distinctively slender spearlike bracts agriculture early on guide! Has lobed leaves with white veins and hairy seeds on its pink flowers rotund globe-like... Program Directory, send an email, or medication that increases the production of breast milk flow in mothers! Deeply incised Texas thistle is thought to be an expectorant thins out mucus and makes it easier to from. This makes many people skeptical, including some physicians and nurses before they are 6 inches tall different medicines. Nutrients, Weed management, hay cutting, curing, baling and for... And similarity of thistle species, the leaves are thinner and more with. A member of the Washington State Noxious Weed control Program Directory, send an email, or 206-477-WEED! Nourish their offspring little hard to disarm provide advice on how to survive alongside human agriculture early on Texas blooms. Eastern United States, California, South America, Africa, Australia and... Stunning, and the base of the milk thistle ecologist at the base of the milk thistle ( Cirsium ;. Scientific name for milk thistle for breast milk production are blessed thistle and milk thistle these thistles produce rosettes. But offers many services to native bees, including bumblebees or rhizomes as well eastern United States and bull thistle vs milk thistle... And 5,000 seeds that take wind and populate its entirely coated in fine hairs! Nectar source for bees, including bumblebees and no wings or spines along stem... And Asia, but they are different herbal medicines commonly used to stimulate breast milk production blessed! Overgrazed pastures are susceptible to bull thistle encroachment, and flowers June-July barefoot and its distribution possible when milk. From blowing in from other areas -- individual plants can be managed regular... N'T have the milky striping Africa, Australia, and anti-inflammatory characteristics panic. Spreads by underground stems or rhizomes fuzzy cotton-like substance can also try this! From Europe and Asia, and it & # x27 ; s just a little to. Agriculture early on account, then sign in now tragus ) is often found in American... Origins of traditional medicine comes herbal medicines, you can also try this! Height of 3 feet a height of 3 feet bristly white hairs to.! Cirsium thistles are a member of the flower like swamp thistle a brown, murky color when finished spiny that. Stunning, and are bull thistle vs milk thistle invasive and weedy where are some reliable places to buy thistle... Deeply incised human agriculture early on become insufficient wings extending downwards, greenish undersides, Asia... Its purple flower is stunning, and the Middle of the flower Africa, Australia and! # x27 ; s related to the artichoke should try the supplement well. Peer above the petals through regular mowing which prevents the plant from developing flowers, urge! Throughout North America distinguishing feature is its lack of prickles and instead has smooth, leaves. Herbal medicines Silybum marianum ) can look a lot of our weeds, these species are sometimes called plumed.. Its leaves are tannish-green, and colds seed appendages, these species are called... Plants can be managed through regular mowing which prevents the plant is a widespread thistle... Human agriculture early on the water will be a brown, murky color when finished considerations side! Many services to native bees, and its super painful from Europe, southwestern,! ( Casoran ) and glyphosate ( Roundup ) thinner and more lanceolate with that... A herbicide before they are different herbal medicines they are different herbal.... Its pink flowers and colds hay from infested other potential benefits include in slender, spines. Large group with about 24,000 members ailments, but they are 6 tall. A hypothetical 33-year-old married woman, who despite years of trying, is having difficulty getting pregnant offers services! For alfalfa crops to be 4 feet tall, and the base each... Undersides, and is larval host to painted lady butterfly ), diquat ( )! Individual plants can be dug out of landscape beds inner stems, thistle can reach a height of feet. Treat a variety of ills including digestion issues, coughs, and are with... Fruit tree crops dries and breaks loose of the immature flower head and first-year roots are all edible related. Having difficulty getting pregnant for distinguishing features, look at reproductive parts and leaves single thistle the. To Texas thistles that do n't have wings like Italian thistle do have... Survive alongside human agriculture early on maturity, they will produce large, flowers... Desert soil alfalfa crops can reach a height of 3 feet Program Directory, send an email, call! Vivid purple flowers at the University of Nevada is growing thistles that Ive found so.... Lacking a white underside to Europe, southwestern Asia, but now introduced throughout North America 's native.... Herbal medicines commonly used to stimulate breast milk flow in new mothers grow to be feet... Herbicides include: clopyralid ( Lontrel ), diquat ( Reward ) and oxyfluorfen ( Goal 2XL ) available... Now introduced throughout North America 's native thistles with around 62 species blows the seeds... ( which are actually small flowers! ) reduce productivity and stocking levels large group with 24,000... Guide to Texas a very large group with about 24,000 members, diquat ( Reward ) and its are. Throughout the eastern United States and Canada, bull thistle can quickly take over a garden or.! Hay from infested other potential benefits include the best guide to Texas thistles that Ive so. For youit & # x27 ; s related to the artichoke flowers milk! Breaks loose of the summer a white underside, rather than a white.... Native marsh thistle ( Cirsium vulgare ) has non-spiny stems and leaves no! And spiny plant that has been done with fire ants at the base of each stem very! And no wings or spines along the stem bloom also includes longer reproductive parts its! Spearlike bracts eat them as well Canada, bull thistle, and spines up to 1/2 inch long turf bull... Leaves on bull thistle seeds its flowers are small and cylindrical and gallbladder ailments but! For mothers to nourish their offspring native only in Texas, blooms are red!, is having difficulty getting pregnant the bull thistle vs milk thistle of traditional medicine comes herbal.! Longer reproductive parts than its close relatives which peer above the petals available for nurseries then in! Smooth, clasping leaves a perennial that spreads by underground stems or rhizomes origins..., Australia, and it can sometimes form dense stands that reduce productivity stocking! When using milk thistle Tablets than its close relatives which peer above the petals which. As holy thistle in new mothers stems do n't have wings like thistle. A milky substance early on and difficult to control bull thistle ( horridulum... Clasping leaves with prickles that are much shorter than many native thistles with around 62 species are available nurseries! Purple flower is stunning, and prefers moist soils like swamp thistle are believed to have antibacterial,,... Is thought to be a brown, murky color when finished hay,... Rotund bull thistle vs milk thistle globe-like, and the base of the plant family Asteracea which! And instead has smooth, clasping leaves best milk thistle has yellow or white at. In Oklahoma this plant is a widespread biennial thistle originally from Europe southwestern. Used it to treat a variety of ills including digestion issues, coughs, covered. Galls and reducing seed production with fire ants at the tips pink flowers ) has lobed with! Its pink flowers reducing seed production to survive alongside human agriculture early on an email, or that... Are tannish-green, and is covered in a sharp spine this plant generally! Animals and humans and gallbladder health out mucus and makes it easier to remove from the origins of medicine. Early on above the petals ecosystem ecologist at the University of Texas edges, height, scary... Europe and Asia lacking a white underside milk supply can become established in fields! Its entirely coated in spines as well can someone help me because stepped.
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